Vedansh has a friend Noel.they always used to roam together . but Noel always used to stuck Vedansh . One day Noel Challenged Vedansh to solve the Mystery Question , but since Vedansh is poor in mathematics , help him to find the solution .

INPUT :

first line of input contains a number N .

OUTPUT:

Find the Mystery and output correct answer in new line.

CONSTRAINTS :

1<=N<=10^50

Hints :

Input : 1

Output : 1

Input : 2

Output : 3

Input : 3

Output : 0

Input : 4

Output : 4

Input : 8

Output : 8