Jack is a great mathematician. He loves to solve series. Now Stuart gave a series to Jack and said you have to solve the problem by making a computer program. But Jack doesn't know, how to code.

The series is:

1 + (a1).(x)^1 + (a2).(x)^2 + (a3).(x)^3 +........+(an).(x)^n

And the problem is find the sum of the

a1 + a2 + a3 +.....+ an

Help Jack to find the solution of the problem given by Stuart.

HINT: Here x is the variable and the a1, a2,... are the constants. Try to find the general solution of the problem.

INPUT:

First line contains the number of test cases T, followed by T lines, each line contains the integer value of n.

OUTPUT:

Display T lines denoting the desired result for each test case.

Constraints:

1 <= T <= 10

1 <= n <= 50