Modified Ball Sampling
Practice
0 (0 votes)
Modular arithmetic
Linear algebra
Hard
Fast fourier transform
Number theory
Mathematics
Problem
65% Success 204 Attempts 50 Points 7s Time Limit 256MB Memory 1024 KB Max Code

Some person is given a bag consisting of N distinct balls, represented by an array A of size N, where the ith ball has integer Ai written on it. Now, a game is played, where a player picks a ball from the bag K times, with repetition allowed.

He (the player) then notes the product of all numbers written on the balls picked, Soon, though he realizes that the number formed is too big, so he only considers the product Mod a given prime P. Let's call the product of the integers written on the picked balls Mod P as Z.

Considering that the probability of picking each ball is the same for each of the K picks, you need to find the Expected Value of Z. Let the answer be an irreducible fraction X/Y. You need to find and print X⋅Y−1 Mod 998244353.

Input Format:

The first line consists of 3 space separated integers N ,P and K. The next line consists of N space separated integers , where the ith integer represents Ai

Output Format :

Print the expected value of Z.

Constraints :

1≤N≤100,000

3≤P≤50,000

1≤Ai<P

1≤K≤10,000,000

P is prime.

It can be proved, that for the following constraints Y−1 Mod 998244353 always exists.

Sample Input
2 5 2
2 3
Sample Output
499122179
Explanation

Note that in the sample, for each pick among the K=2 ones, each number can be picked with probability equal to 1/2. The answer for the sample can be expressed as an irreducible fraction = 5/2 .

So, the answer is (5⋅2−1≡499122179) Mod 998244353

Code Editor

Please login to use the editor

You need to be logged in to access the code editor

Loading...

Submissions
Please login to view your submissions
Similar Problems
Points:50
7 votes
Tags:
ArraysLinear AlgebraImplementationFast Fourier transformCombinatoricsFourier TransformationsModular exponentiationMathematicsModulo arithmeticMath
Points:50
2 votes
Tags:
ImplementationLinear AlgebraFast Fourier transformC++Fourier TransformationsOptimizationMath
Points:50
6 votes
Tags:
HardCombinatoricsLinear AlgebraFFTpolynomialsFourier TransformationsMathematics
Editorial

Login to unlock the editorial