Data Structures, Easy, Stack

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Given a permutation of number from 1 to N. Among all the subarrays, find the number of unique pairs \((a, b)\) such that \(a \neq b\) and a is maximum and b is second maximum in that subarray.

Input:
First line contains an integer, N \((1 \le N \le 10^5)\). Second line contains N space separated distinct integers, \(A_i\) \((1 \le A_i \le N)\), denoting the permutation.

Output:
Print the required answer.

SAMPLE INPUT

5
1 2 3 4 5

SAMPLE OUTPUT

Explanation

All the possible subarrays are:

1
\(1\; 2\)
\(1\; 2\; 3\)
\(1\; 2\; 3\; 4\)
\(1\; 2\; 3\; 4\; 5\)
2
\(2\; 3\)
\(2\; 3\; 4\)
\(2\; 3\; 4\; 5\)
3
\(3\; 4\)
\(3\; 4\; 5\)
4
\(4\; 5\)
5

The 4 unique pairs are:
\((2,\; 1)\)
\((3,\; 2)\)
\((4,\; 3)\)
\((5,\; 4)\)

Time Limit: 1.0 sec(s) for each input file.

Memory Limit: 256 MB

Source Limit: 1024 KB

Marking Scheme: Marks are awarded when all the testcases pass.

Allowed Languages: C, C++, C++14, Clojure, C#, D, Erlang, F#, Go, Groovy, Haskell, Java, Java 8, JavaScript(Rhino), JavaScript(Node.js), Julia, Kotlin, Lisp, Lisp (SBCL), Lua, Objective-C, OCaml, Octave, Pascal, Perl, PHP, Python, Python 3, R(RScript), Racket, Ruby, Rust, Scala, Swift, Swift-4.1, Visual Basic

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Challenge Name

January Circuits '17

All Tracks Data Structures Stacks Basics of Stacks Problem

Data Structures, Easy, Stack

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